Yau et al., J Biomed & App Sci FUD (2024) 3:1
Keywords: Laboratory parameters, haematological changes, chronic kidney disease, haemodialysis
2024-07-03 DOI: JOBASFUD_2024_3_1_016
Background: The global burden of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) keeps increasing especially in low and middle-income countries like Nigeria. CKD leads to progressive irreversible deterioration of renal function that brings about laboratory changes in various parameters, particularly among hemodialysis patients. We aim to determine the haematological changes of CKD patients and the effects of hemodialysis on the laboratory parameters in a selected population in North-Western Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This is a comparative cross-sectional study of seventy-five (75) CKD patients attending the haemodialysis unit of a tertiary healthcare facility in Dutse, Jigawa state who were compared with seventy-five (75) healthy adults. Samples were run for full blood count using Sysmex automated three parts differential counter. The data obtained were analyzed using the IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 21.0. Results: The overall mean age (± standard deviation) was 44.08 (± 9.58) years. Majority of the study participants are males (60%). Haemodialysis in CKD is significantly associated with reduced haematological parameters; red blood cell count, haemoglobin, haematocrit, red cell indices and platelet counts (p-value < 0.05) compared to the comparison arm. The white blood cell count does not appear to be affected (p-value >0.05). However, the absolute neutrophil count shows a statistically significant increase (p = < 0.05) in haemodialysis patients compared to the control group. Conclusion: CKD is associated with variable degrees of haematological abnormalities and hemodialysis further complicates these changes. Adequate laboratory evaluation and treatment of CKD patients receiving hemodialysis can result in reduced complications and improved health outcomes.