Assessment of Non- Communicable Disease Risk Factors in Jigawa State, Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Study
Sadiq et al., JOBASFUD_2024_3_1_012
Keywords: Diabetes, disease, heart, hypertension
2024-07-07 DOI: JOBASFUD_2024_3_1_012
Abstract
Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) represent a predominant cause of adult mortality worldwide, with a rise in these deaths in developing countries. In Nigeria, the prevalent NCD risk factors include high blood pressure (BP) and blood sugar levels. Assessing NCD risk factors is essential for early detection, preventing the risk of developing chronic diseases, and leading healthier lives. Methods: A cross-sectional community-based study with a two-stage cluster sampling method is conducted. The study examines demographic factors including age, gender, and marital status, alongside established NCD risk factors including systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, random blood sugar (RBS) levels, and pulse rate. The Chi-square test was performed to determine the association between the participants' demographics and NCD risk factors. Results: A total of 125 respondents took part in the study, comprising 76.0% females and 24.0% males, aged between 15 and 64. The prevalence rates of hypertension, high pulse rate, and high RBS were 31.2%, 7.2%, and 5.6%, respectively. Furthermore, the results indicate a significant association between age and raised BP (P < 0.001), age and raised RBS (P = 0.006), gender and raised BP (P = 0.036), and gender and raised RBS (P = 0.035). Conclusion: The findings of the study demonstrate a high prevalence of NCD risk factors among older males, emphasizing the need for tailored preventive and therapeutic measures within this demographic group.